Coping with food intolerances
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Coping with a food intolerance over the festive period can be difficult. Even trickier is being one of the many people who don’t realise that they have one, or that there are alternative food choices which can make life more comfortable.
Living with a food intolerance is much easier when you know you’ve got one. Many people live with annoying, painful symptoms without ever being diagnosed. If the symptoms listed below sound familiar, it might be worth a trip to the doctor.
A food intolerance is a reaction to a foodstuff you consume which does not primarily involve the immune system. Food intolerances are not usually life-threatening, whereas food allergies can be. If you think you may have a food allergy you should avoid that food, and see your doctor as soon as possible.
Coeliac’s disease is an autoimmune disorder associated with eating gluten. Coeliac’s disease can often present with similar symptoms to food intolerances, but unlike most food intolerances eating the food that gives you a reaction, gluten, can be harmful. Some people who were diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in the past are now being diagnosed with coeliac’s disease using a blood test.
Lactose intolerance
Symptoms
- Abdominal pain
- Bloating
- Abdominal cramps
- Diarrhoea
- Flatulence
- Nausea
- Constipation
- Intestinal noises
- Reflux
Lactose is the sugar found in dairy products. Lactose is broken down in the small intestine by an enzyme called lactase. People who are lactose intolerant have less lactase than normal. This allows the lactose to pass through the small intestine and into the lower bowel, where it is fermented. The fermentation process produces gases and chemical substances which cause the symptoms associated with lactose intolerance. Approximately 50 per cent of people who suffer from IBS are also lactose intolerant.
Fructose malabsorption
Symptoms
- Bloating
- Abdominal cramps
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhoea
- Constipation
- Intestinal noises
- Reflux
- Nausea
- Possible depression
- Possible zinc or folic acid deficiency
Fructose is the sugar found in fruits, vegetables and grains. People who suffer from fructose malabsorption are actually sensitive to fructose, fructo-oligosaccharides (chains of fructose molecules) and galacto-olicosaccharides (chains of molecules containing galactose, glucose and often fructose). These sugars are not absorbed properly by the stomach or intestine, and instead pass into the lower bowel where they ferment. This fermentation process produces gas and chemical substances which cause the symptoms experienced by fructose malabsorption sufferers. Approximately 70 per cent of people with IBS also suffer from fructose malabsorption.
Click NEXT for more on food intolerances and for some great gluten, fructose and lactose-free recipes!
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